期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 109, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.120604
关键词
-
资金
- Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- NSF [SBE 0542013, SMA 1041755]
A system responding to a stochastic driving signal can be interpreted as computing, by means of its dynamics, an implicit model of the environmental variables. The system's state retains information about past environmental fluctuations, and a fraction of this information is predictive of future ones. The remaining nonpredictive information reflects model complexity that does not improve predictive power, and thus represents the ineffectiveness of the model. We expose the fundamental equivalence between this model inefficiency and thermodynamic inefficiency, measured by dissipation. Our results hold arbitrarily far from thermodynamic equilibrium and are applicable to a wide range of systems, including biomolecular machines. They highlight a profound connection between the effective use of information and efficient thermodynamic operation: any system constructed to keep memory about its environment and to operate with maximal energetic efficiency has to be predictive.
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