Observing Superradiant Decay of Excited-State Helium Atoms Inside Helium Plasma

Using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy on excited-state helium atoms in a plasma created through optical field ionization, we measured the decay of 2(3)S-2(3)P excitation with sub-ps temporal resolution. The population evolution shows that initial decay is significantly faster than the electron-atom collisions and three orders of magnitude faster than the single atom spontaneous decay rate. This indicates on superradiant coherent behavior of the atomic system inside the plasma.