4.8 Article

Emergence of Canonical Ensembles from Pure Quantum States

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PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 104, 期 17, 页码 -

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AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.170402

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  1. U.K. EPSRC

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We consider a system weakly interacting with a bath as a thermodynamic setting to establish a quantum foundation of statistical physics. It is shown that even if the composite system is initially in an arbitrary nonequilibrium pure quantum state, the unitary dynamics of a generic weak interaction almost always drives the subsystem into the canonical ensemble, in the usual sense of typicality. A crucial step is taken by assuming that the matrix elements of the interaction Hamiltonian have random phases, while their amplitudes are left unrestricted.

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