Orbital Motion of Spiral Waves in Excitable Media

Spiral waves in active media react to small perturbations as particlelike objects. Here we apply asymptotic theory to the interaction of spiral waves with a localized inhomogeneity, which leads to a novel prediction: drift of the spiral rotation center along circular orbits around the inhomogeneity. The stationary orbits have fixed radii and alternating stability, determined by the properties of the bulk medium and the type of inhomogeneity, while the drift speed along an orbit depends on the strength of the inhomogeneity. Direct numerical simulations confirm the validity and robustness of the theoretical predictions and show that these unexpected effects should be observable in experiment.