Testing New Indirect CP Violation

If new CP violating physics contributes to neutral meson mixing, but its contribution to CP violation in decay amplitudes is negligible, then there is a model independent relation between four (generally independent) observables related to the mixing: the mass splitting (x), the width splitting (y), the CP violation in mixing (1 - vertical bar q/p vertical bar), and the CP violation in the interference of decays with and without mixing (phi). For the four neutral meson systems, this relation can be written in a simple approximate form: y tan phi approximate to x(1 - vertical bar q/p vertical bar). In the K system, all four observables have been measured and obey the relation to excellent accuracy. For the B(s) and D systems, new predictions are provided. The success or failure of these relations will probe the physics that is responsible for the CP violation.