期刊
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
卷 179, 期 1-2, 页码 23-33出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.02.013
关键词
Clostridium perfringens; Alpha toxin; Beta toxin; Epsilon toxin; Enterotoxin; NetB
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R37 AI019844, AI056177]
- Australian Research Council [CE0562063]
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council [GNT10695985]
- Poultry Cooperative Research Centre (Australia) [1.1.2]
- Australian Research Council [CE0562063] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
The most common animal models used to study Clostridium perfringens infections in humans and animals are reviewed here. The classical C. perfringens-mediated histotoxic disease of humans is clostridial myonecrosis or gas gangrene and the use of a mouse myonecrosis model coupled with genetic studies has contributed greatly to our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Similarly, the use of a chicken model has enhanced our understanding of type A-mediated necrotic enteritis in poultry and has led to the identification of NetB as the primary toxin involved in disease. C. perfringens type A food poisoning is a highly prevalent bacterial illness in the USA and elsewhere. Rabbits and mice are the species most commonly used to study the action of enterotoxin, the causative toxin. Other animal models used to study the effect of this toxin are rats, non-human primates, sheep and cattle. In rabbits and mice, CPE produces severe necrosis of the small intestinal epithelium along with fluid accumulation. C. perfringens type D infection has been studied by inoculating epsilon toxin (ETX) intravenously into mice, rats, sheep, goats and cattle, and by intraduodenal inoculation of whole cultures of this microorganism in mice, sheep, goats and cattle. Molecular Koch's postulates have been fulfilled for enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type A in rabbits and mice, for C. perfringens type A necrotic enteritis and gas gangrene in chickens and mice, respectively, for C. perfringens type C in mice, rabbits and goats, and for C. perfringens type D in mice, sheep and goats. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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