Bulk and shear viscosities of matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

We study the effects of shear and bulk viscosities in the hadronic phase on the expansion of the fireball and on particle production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Comparing simulation with versus without viscosity in hadronic matter, we find that elliptic flow observables are strongly dependent on dissipative effects in the late stage. On the contrary, interferometry radii are sensitive, through early transverse flow, to the viscosity value at high temperatures. We present first calculations including the effects of bulk viscosity on the hadronic phase and on hadron emission. We find them to be important in obtaining a low freeze-out temperature consistent with the measured transverse momentum spectra and elliptic flow of identified particles.