Anisotropic magnetotransport in SrTiO3 surface electron gases generated by Ar+ irradiation

Metallic surface layers are fabricated by doping (100) SrTiO3 (STO) single crystals with oxygen vacancies generated by bombardment with Ar ions from an rf plasma source. The presence of oxygen vacancies is confirmed by cathodoluminescence and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. This technique produces a surface electron gas with high values of the sheet carrier density (n(2D) = 2.45x10(17) cm(-2)). A strong increase (300%) of the low-temperature magnetoresistance is observed when the magnetic field is rotated away from the surface, characteristic of orbital effects of confined electrons. We estimate the width of the confinement region to be in the 200-300 nm range. When a magnetic field is applied in the surface plane and parallel to the current direction, a large negative magnetoresistance is found below the structural transition of the STO, which is discussed in terms of spin-orbit scattering. On further reduction of temperature, there is a change to a positive magnetoresistance regime due to the scattering of charge carriers at the disordered surface region.