Defect-induced resonances and magnetic patterns in graphene

We investigate the effects of point and line defects in monolayer graphene within the framework of the Hubbard model, using a self-consistent mean-field theory. These defects are found to induce characteristic patterns into the electronic density of states and cause nonuniform distributions of magnetic moments in the vicinity of the impurity sites. Specifically, defect-induced resonances in the local density of states are observed at energies close to the Dirac points. The magnitudes of the frequencies of these resonance states are shown to decrease with the strength of the scattering potential, whereas their amplitudes decay algebraically with increasing distance from the defect. For the case of defect clusters, we observe that with increasing defect-cluster size the local magnetic moments in the vicinity of the cluster center are strongly enhanced. Furthermore, nontrivial impurity-induced magnetic patterns are observed in the presence of line defects: zigzag line defects are found to introduce stronger-amplitude magnetic patterns than armchair line defects. When the scattering strength of these topological defects is increased, the induced patterns of magnetic moments become more strongly localized.