期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
卷 84, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.174510
关键词
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资金
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
- Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
In this paper, we calculate the critical currents in thin superconducting strips with sharp right-angle turns, 180 degrees turnarounds, and more complicated geometries, where all the line widths are much smaller than the Pearl length Lambda = 2 lambda(2)/d. We define the critical current as the current that reduces the Gibbs-free-energy barrier to zero. We show that current crowding, which occurs whenever the current rounds a sharp turn, tends to reduce the critical current, but we also show that when the radius of curvature is less than the coherence length, this effect is partially compensated by a radius-of-curvature effect. We propose several patterns with rounded corners to avoid critical-current reduction due to current crowding. These results are relevant to superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, where they suggest a means of improving the bias conditions and reducing dark counts. These results also have relevance to normal-metal nanocircuits, as these patterns can reduce the electrical resistance, electromigration, and hot spots caused by nonuniform heating.
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