期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
卷 79, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.172103
关键词
ab initio calculations; bubbles; hydrogen; hydrogen storage; nucleation; pseudopotential methods; segregation; tungsten; vacancies (crystal)
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) [50871009]
- DOE-BES program
We reveal the microscopic vacancy trapping mechanism for H bubble formation in W based on first-principles calculations of the energetics of H-vacancy interaction and the kinetics of H segregation. Vacancy provides an isosurface of optimal charge density that induces collective H binding on its internal surface, a prerequisite for the formation of H-2 molecule and nucleation of H bubble inside the vacancy. The critical H density on the vacancy surface before the H-2 formation is found to be 10(19)-10(20) H atoms per m(2). We believe that such mechanism is generally applicable for H bubble formation in metals and metal alloys.
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