期刊
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
卷 96, 期 1, 页码 122-132出版社
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.06.021
关键词
Accidental falls; Aging; Chronic disease; Postural balance; Psychometrics; Rehabilitation
资金
- KT Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Ministry of Health and Long Term Care in Ontario)
Objective: To identify components of postural control included in standardized balance measures for adult populations. Data Sources: Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases using keyword combinations of postural balance/ equilibrium, psychometrics/reproducibility of results/predictive value of tests/validation studies, instrument construction/instrument validation, geriatric assessment/disability evaluation, gray literature, and hand searches. Study Selection: Inclusion criteria were measures with a stated objective to assess balance, adult populations (18y and older), at least 1 psychometric evaluation, 1 standing task, a standardized protocol and evaluation criteria, and published in English. Two reviewers independently identified studies for inclusion. Sixty-six measures were included. Data Extraction: A research assistant extracted descriptive characteristics and 2 reviewers independently coded components of balance in each measure using the Systems Framework for Postural Control, a widely recognized model of balance. Data Synthesis: Components of balance evaluated in these measures were underlying motor systems (100% of measures), anticipatory postural control (71%), dynamic stability (67%), static stability (64%), sensory integration (48%), functional stability limits (27%), reactive postural control (23%), cognitive influences (17%), and verticality (8%). Thirty-four measures evaluated 3 or fewer components of balance, and 1 measure the Balance Evaluation Systems Test evaluated all components of balance. Conclusions: Several standardized balance measures provide only partial information on postural control and omit important components of balance related to avoiding falls. As such, the choice of measure(s) may limit the overall interpretation of an individual's balance ability. Continued work is necessary to increase the implementation of comprehensive balance assessment in research and practice. (C) 2015 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
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