期刊
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
卷 462, 期 1, 页码 3-14出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-011-0952-3
关键词
Muscle; Ventricular myocyte; Ventricle; Myosin; Myofilament; Myocardial contractility; Muscle stretch; Muscle mechanics
类别
资金
- NIH [HL090749]
- University of Kentucky
When cardiac myocytes are stretched by a longitudinal strain, they develop proportionally more active force at a given sub-maximal Ca2+ concentration than they did at the shorter length. This is known as length-dependent activation. It is one of the most important contributors to the Frank-Starling relationship, a critical part of normal cardiovascular function. Despite intense research efforts, the mechanistic basis of the Frank-Starling relationship remains unclear. Potential mechanisms involving myofibrillar lattice spacing, titin-based effects, and cooperative activation have all been proposed. This review summarizes some of these mechanisms and discusses two additional potential theories that reflect the effects of localized strains that occur within and between half-sarcomeres. The main conclusion is that the Frank-Starling relationship is probably the integrated result of many interacting molecular mechanisms. Multiscale computational modeling may therefore provide the best way of determining the key processes that underlie length-dependent activation and their relative strengths.
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