期刊
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
卷 36, 期 5, 页码 277-296出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.02.008
关键词
bone; cardiovascular system; gastrointestinal tract; immune system; liver; localization; muscle; female and male reproductive system; signaling pathways; skin
资金
- Italian Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (grant PRIN )
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [DA06668]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Cluster of Excellence 'Immunosensation') [FOR926]
- Medical Research Council [G0801523] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [PB-PG-0909-19305] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institutes of Health Research (NIHR) [PB-PG-0909-19305] Funding Source: National Institutes of Health Research (NIHR)
- MRC [G0801523] Funding Source: UKRI
In 1964, the psychoactive ingredient of Cannabis sativa, Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), was isolated. Nearly 30 years later the endogenous counterparts of THC, collectively termed endocannabinoids (eCBs), were discovered: N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) (AEA) in 1992 and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in 1995. Since then, considerable research has shed light on the impact of eCBs on human health and disease, identifying an ensemble of proteins that bind, synthesize, and degrade them and that together form the eCB system (ECS). eCBs control basic biological processes including cell choice between survival and death and progenitor/stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Unsurprisingly, in the past two decades eCBs have been recognized as key mediators of several aspects of human pathophysiology and thus have emerged to be among the most widespread and versatile signaling molecules ever discovered. Here some of the pioneers of this research field review the state of the art of critical eCB functions in peripheral organs. Our community effort is aimed at establishing consensus views on the relevance of the peripheral ECS for human health and disease pathogenesis, as well as highlighting emerging challenges and therapeutic hopes.
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