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miRNA Nomenclature: A View Incorporating Genetic Origins, Biosynthetic Pathways, and Sequence Variants

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TRENDS IN GENETICS
卷 31, 期 11, 页码 613-626

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ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2015.09.002

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资金

  1. Research Council of Norway (FishmiR project) [213825]
  2. NIH [U01DE020076, 5R240D011199, R01 OD011116]
  3. [NIH R01HG004341]
  4. [NIH 5P41HG000330]
  5. [NIH HG004838]
  6. [NIH HG004834]

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High-throughput sequencing of miRNAs has revealed the diversity and variability of mature and functional short noncoding RNAs, including their genomic origins, biogenesis pathways, sequence variability, and newly identified products such as miRNA-offset RNAs (moRs). Here we review known cases of alternative mature miRNA-like RNA fragments and propose a revised definition of miRNAs to encompass this diversity. We then review nomenclature guidelines for miRNAs and propose to extend nomenclature conventions to align with those for protein-coding genes established by international consortia. Finally, we suggest a system to encompass the full complexity of sequence variations (i.e., isomiRs) in the analysis of small RNA sequencing experiments.

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