Development of an Echocardiographic Scoring System to Predict Biventricular Repair in Neonatal Hypoplastic Left Heart Complex

Neonates born with borderline left heart hypoplasia, or hypoplastic left heart complex, can undergo biventricular repair while those with severe left heart hypoplasia require single ventricle palliation. Deciding which patients are candidates for biventricular repair may be very difficult since there are no scoring systems to predict biventricular repair in these patients. The purpose of this study is to develop an echocardiographic scoring system capable of predicting successful biventricular repair in neonatal hypoplastic left heart complex. The study cohort consisted of twenty consecutive neonates with hypoplastic left heart complex presenting between 9/2008 and 5/2013. Multiple retrospective echocardiographic measurements of the right and left heart were performed. Six patients with significant LH hypoplasia (patent mitral and aortic valves, small left ventricle) who had undergone single ventricle repair were used to validate the scoring system. Seventeen patients underwent biventricular repair and three underwent single ventricle repair. A scoring system (2V-Score) was developed using the equation {[(MV4C/AV(PSLA)) A center dot (LV4C/RV4C)] + MPA}/BSA. Using a cutoff value of a parts per thousand currency sign 16.2, a biventricular repair would have been predicted with a sensitivity of 1.0, specificity 1.0, positive predictive value 1.0, negative predictive value 1.0, area under the ROC curve 1.0, and the p value was 0.0004. The 2V-Score was more accurate than the Rhodes, CHSS, or Discriminant scores in retrospectively predicting biventricular repair in this cohort. The 2V-Score shows promise in being able to predict a successful biventricular repair in patients with hypoplastic left heart complex but requires prospective validation prior to widespread clinical application.