Seroprevalence of Leishmania infection among asymptomatic renal transplant recipients from southern Spain

Background. The aim of this article is to assess the seroprevalence of Leishmania infection among asymptomatic renal transplant recipients in a population in the south of Spain. Methods. Serum samples were screened for immunoglobulin-G antibodies against Leishmania with an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Results. Of 625 examined serum samples, 30 (4.8%) samples were positive for Leishmania antibodies. Thirteen samples showed titers of 1:80, 15 samples showed titers of 1:160, and 2 samples showed titers of 1:320. None of the patients with positive serology to Leishmania showed signs or symptoms compatible with leishmaniasis. Conclusion. The prevalence of Leishmania infection found among asymptomatic renal transplant patients reinforces the need for attention in evaluation of these patients in endemic areas.