期刊
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
卷 17, 期 -, 页码 S20-S24出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.06.015
关键词
Cervical dystonia; Complex; Botulinum toxin; Treatment failures
资金
- research unit (RU) of Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand [GRU 52-026-30-005]
- Thailand Research Fund
- The Neurological Society of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University Research Unit
- Ratchadapiseksompoj Faculty
- Thai Red Cross Development Grant
Complex cervical dystonia is a subgroup of cervical dystonia (CD) characterised by a combination of head deviations in more than one plane. In addition to superficial neck muscles, deep-cervical muscles contribute to a broad range of neck movements. These deep muscles include prevertebral muscles for primary neck flexion, lateral vertebral muscles for shoulder elevation and head tilt and a posterior group of muscles for neck extension. The authors describe three cases of complex deviations of the neck including anterocollis, retrocollis and lateral or sagittal shifts with involvement of deep-cervical muscles, which are not easily accessible by routine botulinum toxin (BoNT) therapy. Incomplete muscle selection may be one of the causes of treatment failures with BoNT in patients with complex CD, and targeting of deep-cervical muscles should be considered when patients exhibit complex deviations involving anterocollis, retrocollis, lateral or sagittal shifts. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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