Neural Substrates of Conversion Deafness in a Cochlear Implant Patient: A Molecular Imaging Study Using H215O-PET

Objective: Conversion deafness is characterized by sudden hearing loss without any identifiable cause. In the current study, we investigated presumed conversion deafness in a cochlear implant user using (H2O)-O-15-positron emission tomography (PET) scan with speech and noise stimuli in conjunction with audiologic tests such as impedance test and auditory response telemetry. Also, by performing a follow-up PET scan after recovery and comparing prerecovery and postrecovery scans, we attempted to find possible neural substrates of conversion deafness. Patient: A 51-year-old man with conversion deafness after 4 years of successful cochlear implant use. Intervention: Supportive psychotherapy. Main Outcome Measures: Prerecovery and postrecovery (H2O)-O-15-PET scans Results: The prerecovery (H2O)-O-15-PET scan revealed auditory cortex activation by sound stimuli, which verified normal stimulation of the central auditory pathway. Notably, compared with the prerecovery state, the postrecovery state showed relative activation in the right auditory cortex both under the speech and noise stimulus conditions. Moreover, the bilateral prefrontal and parietal areas were activated more in the postrecovery state than in the prerecovery state. In other words, relative deactivation of the prefronto-parieto-temporal network, a network responsible for conscious sensory perception, or relative dysfunction of top-down and bottom-up attention shifting mediated by the ventral and the dorsal parietal cortices, may have resulted in conversion deafness in the patient. Conclusion: Relative deactivation of the prefronto-parietotemporal network or dysfunction in the ventral and the dorsal parietal cortices may be related to the development of conversion deafness.