BMP-7 induces TF expression in human monocytes by increasing F3 transcriptional activity

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-7, a major regulator of bone metabolism, inhibits ectopic calcification in atherosclerotic plaques. We have recently reported that BMP-7 is also a potent inducer of tissue factor (TF) in human mononuclear cells (MNCs). While nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) and activation protein-1 (AP-1) are the transcription factors essential for inducible expression of human TF gene (F3), the mechanisms responsible for TF induction by BMP-7 are not known. Objective: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing BMP-7-triggered TF expression in human MNCs. Methods: Human blood monocytes were stimulated with BMP-7 and western blotting, qRT-PCR, and flow cytometry studies were carried out to assess F3 expression; promoter studies were also performed using a panel of reporter constructs. Procoagulant TF activity was measured using a validated FXa generation assay. The significance of NF-kB transcriptional activity was verified via pharmacological inhibition. Results: BMP-7 increased TF protein levels, procoagulant activity, surface presentation, and TF mRNA expression. This increase was accompanied by activation of NF-kB as evidenced by reduced IkB-alpha levels and elevated transcriptional activity of an NF-kB-sensitive reporter in transfected MNCs. Although treatment with BMP-7 also led to a strong phosphorylation of c-Jun, activation of AP-1 alone was not sufficient to induce TF expression: JSH-23, a potent and specific NF-kB inhibitor, completely blocked BMP-7-induced TF expression. Conclusions: We report that BMP-7-dependent activation of TF in human MNCs is mediated via increased activity of NF-kB, leading to enhanced F3 transcription in human MNCs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.