期刊
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
卷 13, 期 1, 页码 58-65出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.09.027
关键词
Organic semiconductors; Molecular doping; Polycrystalline organic semiconductors; Doping induced structural transition; Charge carrier transport
资金
- Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) [13N9872]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
The structural properties and charge carrier mobility of pentacene doped by 2,3,5, 6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ) and 2,2-(perfluoronaphthalene-2,6-diylidene) dimalononitrile (F6-TCNNQ) are studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, field effect transistor measurements, and space charge limited currents (SCLC). We observe the presence of polycrystalline and amorphous domains within the doped pentacene film grown under co-deposition conditions. The appearance of the amorphous phase is induced by the molecular dopants F4-TCNQ and F6-TCNNQ. A strong drop of crystallite size is obtained at a doping concentration of around 7 and 4 wt.%, respectively. The loss of the polycrystalline structure is correlated to a strong decrease of the charge carrier mobility in pentacene in horizontal and vertical film structures. We discuss typical scenarios of charge transport for polycrystalline and amorphous thin films in order to explain the observed loss of mobility originated by the doping induced structural phase transition. In this way an optimum doping concentration for highest conductivity with acceptable mobility is determined which can help to improve the performance of organic solar cells and organic high-frequency rectification diodes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
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