期刊
ONCOGENE
卷 28, 期 1, 页码 20-30出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.358
关键词
human embryonic stem cell; cell cycle regulation; G1/S transition; CDK2; CYCLIN D1; CYCLIN D2
资金
- BBSRC [BBS/B/14779]
- Newcastle University
- MRC [G0301182]
- BBSRC [BB/E012841/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [G0301182] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/B/14779, BB/E012841/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0301182] Funding Source: researchfish
One of the characteristic features of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is the competence for self-renewal and pluripotency. To date, little is known about cell cycle regulation in these cells and how the cell cycle machinery influences hESCs properties. A common feature of human, murine and primate ESCs is the presence of a short G1 phase, which has been viewed as a time window during which stem cells are exposed to differentiation signals. We used the hESCs differentiation model and comparisons to human embryonic carcinoma (EC) cells to study the key regulators of G1 to S transition in hESCs. Our studies show that hESCs express all G1-specific CYCLINs (D1, D2, D3 and E) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) (CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6) at variable levels. In contrast to murine ESCs, most of the cell cycle regulators in hESCs show cell cycle-dependent expression, thus revealing important differences in the expression of cell cycle regulatory components between these two embryonic cell types. Knockdown of CDK2 using RNA interference resulted in hESCs arrest at G1 phase of the cell cycle and differentiation to extraembryonic lineages. This suggests an important role for CDK2 in cell cycle regulation in hESCs that are likely to bear significant impacts on the maintenance of their pluripotent phenotype.
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