A geometric tool for the analysis of position and force constraints in wave energy converters

Most wave energy devices are subject to finite constraints on both the power take-off (PTO) stroke length and the maximum force that the PTO can tolerate. It is also often the case that greater stroke lengths can reduce the maximum force in the PTO and vice versa. Ultimately, some informed choice of PTO constraints must be made in order to ensure that PTO constraints are not violated and that the trade-off between position and force constraints is made in such as way that maximum energy is captured by the converter. This paper presents a tool to allow device developers to check the satisfaction of constraints for a given hydrodynamic model and set of sea conditions and, where constraints are not satisfied, shows how to relax the constraints to maximize energy capture. The tool is algebraic, requiring no simulation and the results are presented through intuitive geometrical constructs. Sample application results are presented for single- and two-body wave energy systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.