Association of Carotid Intima-media Thickness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women Pre- and Post-bariatric Surgery

Obesity is associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), such as hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and low levels of high-density cholesterol (HDL-C). In obese patients with a body mass index (BMI) of a parts per thousand yen40 kg/m(2) or 35-40 kg/m(2) associated with CVRFs, weight loss may be achieved more effectively by bariatric surgery on reducing several CVRFs. Carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) is an indicator of early atherosclerosis, and may be correlated with CVRFs. Our objective was to correlate C-IMT with CVRFs before (baseline data) and after surgery, and to observe whether weight loss is followed by a regression of C-IMT. Eighteen women who had undergone bariatric surgery participated in this study. Assessments were carried out on the baseline date, and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Some of the CVRFs analyzed were: total cholesterol (TC) levels, HDL-C, triglycerides to HDL-C ratio (TG/HDL-C) and fasting plasma glucose. C-IMT was measured by B-mode ultrasound. A positive correlation was found between C-IMT and age and triglyceride level (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02, respectively). Six months after surgery, we found a significant reduction in C-IMT (p < 0.05), which was significantly correlated with TG level and systolic pressure (p < 0.05). The weight loss achieved with bariatric surgery resulted in regression of C-IMT. This regression could be observed 6 months following surgery, with an additional benefit at 12 months. Also, this finding was correlated with a reduction in triglyceride levels and systolic blood pressure.