Three-dimensional conduction heat transfer model for laser cladding process

Cladding is the process of depositing a superior built-up layer on a substrate by fusion. In the present study a three-dimensional conduction heat transfer model is developed and solved using the finite-volume method in a nonorthogonal grid system for a blown-powder laser cladding process. Comparisons with experimental data for deposition of copper powder on SS316 stainless steel show that the developed model can predict the geometry of the buildup layer above the substrate within an acceptable range of tolerance. The overall absorption of the CO2 laser radiation is in the range of 14-17%.