期刊
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
卷 42, 期 10, 页码 6091-6105出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku241
关键词
-
资金
- US Department of Health and Human Services
- Swedish Research Council [K2010-57X-21436-01-3, K2013-57X-21436-04-3, 621-2011-5752-LiMS]
- Kempe Foundation [SMK-1136.1]
- Ume a University [223-272810, 223-2836-10, 223-2989-10]
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden
- Ume a Centre for Microbial Research
- Helmholtz Association
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [W1207] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
The CRISPR-Cas systems of archaeal and bacterial adaptive immunity are classified into three types that differ by the repertoires of CRISPR-associated (cas) genes, the organization of cas operons and the structure of repeats in the CRISPR arrays. The simplest among the CRISPR-Cas systems is type II in which the endonuclease activities required for the interference with foreign deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are concentrated in a single multidomain protein, Cas9, and are guided by a co-processed dual-tracrRNA: crRNA molecule. This compact enzymatic machinery and readily programmable site-specific DNA targeting make type II systems top candidates for a new generation of powerful tools for genomic engineering. Here we report an updated census of CRISPR-Cas systems in bacterial and archaeal genomes. Type II systems are the rarest, missing in archaea, and represented in similar to 5% of bacterial genomes, with an over-representation among pathogens and commensals. Phylogenomic analysis suggests that at least three cas genes, cas1, cas2 and cas4, and the CRISPR repeats of the type II-B system were acquired via recombination with a type I CRISPR-Cas locus. Distant homologs of Cas9 were identified among proteins encoded by diverse transposons, suggesting that type II CRISPR-Cas evolved via recombination of mobile nuclease genes with type I loci.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据