期刊
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
卷 43, 期 2, 页码 932-942出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1353
关键词
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资金
- Swedish Research Council
- Swedish Cancer Society
- Kempe Foundations
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- Insamlingstiftelsen at the Medical faculty of Umea University
The balance between exonuclease and polymerase activities promotes DNA synthesis over degradation when nucleotides are correctly added to the new strand by replicative B-family polymerases. Misincorporations shift the balance toward the exonuclease site, and the balance tips back in favor of DNA synthesis when the incorrect nucleotides have been removed. Most B-family DNA polymerases have an extended beta-hairpin loop that appears to be important for switching from the exonuclease site to the polymerase site, a process that affects fidelity of the DNA polymerase. Here, we show that DNA polymerase epsilon can switch between the polymerase site and exonuclease site in a processive manner despite the absence of an extended beta-hairpin loop. K967 and R988 are two conserved amino acids in the palm and thumb domain that interact with bases on the primer strand in the minor groove at positions n-2 and n-4/n-5, respectively. DNA polymerase epsilon depends on both K967 and R988 to stabilize the 3'-terminus of the DNA within the polymerase site and on R988 to processively switch between the exonuclease and polymerase sites. Based on a structural alignment with DNA polymerase delta, we propose that arginines corresponding to R988 might have a similar function in other B-family polymerases.
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