期刊
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
卷 41, 期 8, 页码 4495-4506出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt156
关键词
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资金
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2012R1A2A2A01007525, KRF-2008-313-C00604]
- T.J. Park Doctoral Fellowship
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
To determine the functional specificity of inflammation, it is critical to orchestrate the timely activation and repression of inflammatory responses. Here, we explored the PAF1 (RNA polymerase II associated factor)-mediated signal- and locus-specific repression of genes induced through the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 beta. Using microarray analysis, we identified the PAF1 target genes whose expression was further enhanced by PAF1 knockdown in IL-1 beta-stimulated HepG2 hepatocarcinomas. PAF1 bound near the transcription start sites of target genes and dissociated on stimulation. In PAF1-deficient cells, more elongating RNA polymerase II and acetylated histones were observed, although IL-1 beta-mediated activation and recruitment of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) were not altered. Under basal conditions, PAF1 blocked histone acetyltransferase general control non-depressible 5 (GCN5)-mediated acetylation on H3K9 and H4K5 residues. On IL-1 beta stimulation, activated GCN5 discharged PAF1 from chromatin, allowing productive transcription to occur. PAF1 bound to histones but not to acetylated histones, and the chromatin-binding domain of PAF1 was essential for target gene repression. Moreover, IL-1 beta-induced cell migration was similarly controlled through counteraction between PAF1 and GCN5. These results suggest that the IL-1 beta signal-specific exchange of PAF1 and GCN5 on the target locus limits inappropriate gene induction and facilitates the timely activation of inflammatory responses.
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