Comparison of Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) and gamma camera imaging for visualization of let-7 expression in lung adenocarcinoma A549 Cells

Background and Aim: miRNA is an important factor for tumorigenesis which could act as a potential molecular target for tumor diagnosis. The goal of this study was to explore a new method for visualizing the expression of let-7 in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) and gamma camera imaging. Methods: The human sodium/iodine symporter (hNIS) and 3'-UTR sequence of the ras gene (RU) that complementarily binds to let-7 were cloned with hNIS serving as the reporter gene. The expression of hNIS regulated by let-7 in the fusion gene hNIS-RU was constructed; the let-7 primer (pri-let-7), which could specifically bind to RU and the mir-143 primer (pri-mir143) not binding with RU, was cloned. A549 cells were transfected with hNIS or hNIS-RU, and additional cells were cotransfected with hNIS-RU and different concentrations of pri-let-7 or pri-mir143. The cells were incubated with 740 kBq I-131-containing media for 1 h, 24 h after transfection. CLI, gamma camera imaging, and gamma counting were subsequently conducted, and the correlation among CLI, gamma camera imaging, and gamma counting was compared when cotransfected with pri-let-7. Results: CLI, gamma camera imaging, and radioactive counting showed that hNIS-transfected A549 cells had significantly higher uptake of I-131 compared to non-transfected cells. The uptake of I-131 in hNIS-RU transfected A549 cells decreased to approximately 70% compared to hNIS-transfected cells, since hNIS-RU expression was suppressed by intracellular let-7. After cotransfection with hNIS-RU and various concentrations of pri-let-7, I-131 uptake gradually decreased with increasing pri-let-7, while I-131 uptake remained roughly unchanged in the presence of hNIS-RU cotransfected with different amounts of pri-mir143. CLI was highly correlated with gamma camera imaging (r(2) = 0.9893) and radioactivity counting (0.9779). Conclusions: Based upon miRNA-regulated reporter genes which mediate the uptake of the radionuclide, both CLI and gamma camera imaging can noninvasively detect miRNA expression in cells, which may provide a new way for the visualization of miRNA expression. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.