4.7 Article

Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants for Stroke Prevention in Asian Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Meta-Analysis

期刊

STROKE
卷 46, 期 9, 页码 2555-2561

出版社

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.009947

关键词

anticoagulants; atrial fibrillation; hemorrhage; stroke

资金

  1. Ministry of Health and Welfare [MOHW104-TDU-B-211-113-003]
  2. Ministry of Science and Technology [102-2628-B-075-004-MY3]
  3. Taipei Veterans General Hospital [V104B-026, V104C-016]

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Background and Purpose-The use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), the cornerstone treatment for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation, is limited by the perceived risk of serious bleeding in Asia. Non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are safer alternatives. Here, we evaluate performance differences of NOACs between Asians and non-Asians. Methods-We compared efficacy and safety of NOACs between patients enrolled in Asian and non-Asian countries using aggregative data from phase III clinical trials. The odds ratios (ORs [95% confidence interval]) were calculated by a random effects model. Results-Comparing with VKAs, standard-dose NOACs reduced stroke or systemic embolism (OR=0.65 [0.52-0.83] versus 0.85 [0.77-0.93], P interaction=0.045) more in Asians than in non-Asians and were safer in Asians than in non-Asians about major bleeding (OR=0.57 [0.44-0.74] versus 0.89 [0.76-1.04], P interaction=0.004), hemorrhagic stroke (OR=0.32 [0.19-0.52] versus 0.56 [0.44-0.70], P interaction=0.046) in particular, whereas gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly increased in non-Asians (OR=0.79 [0.48-1.32] versus 1.44 [1.12-1.85], P interaction=0.041). Generally, low-dose NOACs were safer than VKAs without heterogeneity in efficacy and safety between Asians and non-Asians, except for ischemic stroke, major, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Conclusions-Our findings suggest that standard-dose NOACs were more effective and safer in Asians than in non-Asians, whereas low-dose NOACs performed similarly in both populations.

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