期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 188, 期 2, 页码 393-402出版社
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03410.x
关键词
floral display; flower size; natural selection; Penstemon digitalis; pollinators
资金
- Botanical Society of America
- Cornell Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
- National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB 0717139]
P>A major gap in our understanding of floral evolution, especially micro-evolutionary processes, is the role of pollinators in generating patterns of natural selection on floral traits. Here we explicitly tested the role of pollinators in selecting floral traits in a herbaceous perennial, Penstemon digitalis. We manipulated the effect of pollinators on fitness through hand pollinations and compared phenotypic selection in open- and hand-pollinated plants. Despite the lack of pollen limitation in our population, pollinators mediated selection on floral size and floral display. Hand pollinations removed directional selection for larger flowers and stabilizing selection on flower number, suggesting that pollinators were the agents of selection on both of these traits. We reviewed studies that measured natural selection on floral traits by biotic agents and generally found stronger signatures of selection imposed by pollinators than by herbivores and co-flowering plant species.
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