期刊
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
卷 32, 期 1, 页码 99-108出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2009.02.005
关键词
Zebrafish; Chlorpyrifos; Nicotine; Pilocarpine; Startle response; Development
资金
- Duke University Superfund Basic Research Center (NIH) [ES10356]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [P42ES010356] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) an organophosphate pesticide causes persisting behavioral dysfunction in rat models when exposure is during early development. In earlier work zebrafish were used as a complementary model to study mechanisms of CPF-induced neurotoxicity induced during early development. We found that developmental (first five days after fertilization) chlorpyrifos exposure significantly impaired learning in zebrafish. However, this testing was time and labor intensive. In the current study we tested the hypothesis that persisting effects of developmental chlorpyrifos could be detected with a brief automated assessment of startle response and that this behavioral index could be used to help determine the neurobehavioral mechanisms for persisting CPF effects. The swimming activity of adult zebrafish was assessed by a computerized video-tracking device after a sudden tap to the test arena. Ten consecutive trials (1/min) were run to determine startle response and its habituation. Additionally, habituation recovery trials were run at 8, 32 and 128 min after the end of the initial trial set. CPF-exposed fish showed a significantly (p < 0.025) greater overall startle response during the 10-trial session compared to controls (group sizes: Control N = 40, CPF N = 24). During the initial recovery period (8 min) CPF-exposed fish showed a significantly (p < 0.01) greater startle response compared to controls. To elucidate the contributions of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors to developmental CPF-mediated effects, the effects of developmental nicotine and pilocarpine exposure throughout the first five days after fertilization were determined. Developmental nicotine and pilocarpine exposure significantly increased startle response, though nicotine (group sizes: Control N 32, 15 mM N = 12, 25 mM N = 20) was much more potent than pilocarpine (group sizes: Control N = 20,100 mu M N = 16,100 mu M N = 12). Neither was as potent as CPF for developmental exposure increasing startle response in adulthood. Lastly. developmental CPF exposure decreased dopamine and serotonin levels and increased transmitter turnover in developing zebrafish larvae (N = 4 batches of 50 embryos/treatment). Only the decline in dopamine concentrations persisted into adulthood (group sizes: Control N = 14, CPF N = 13). This study shows that a quick automated test of startle can detect persisting neurobehavioral impairments caused by developmental exposure to CPF This may be helpful in screening for persisting neurobehavioral defects from a variety of toxicants. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据