期刊
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
卷 565, 期 -, 页码 39-41出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.10.012
关键词
Neuroinflammation; Astrocytes; Astrogliosis; Astrocyte loss; Multiple sclerosis
Neuroinflammation can lead to either damage of astrocytes or astrogliosis. Astrocyte loss may be caused by cytotoxic T cells as seen in Rasmussen encephalitis, auto-antibodies such as in neuromyelitis optica (aquaporin-4 antibodies), or cytokines such as TNF-alpha in major depressive disorder. Interleukins-1 and -6 appear to be important molecular mediators of astrogliosis. Chronic focal lesions in multiple sclerosis are characterized by a very dense astrogliosis. Other mechanisms, such as astrocytic beta(2) adrenergic receptor deficiency, upregulation of endothelin-1 and tissue transglutaminase, may contribute to astroglial scarring in multiple sclerosis. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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