First Successful Pregnancy Outcome after Intrauterine Insemination in a Woman with Primary Infertility and Essential Thrombocythemia Treated with Interferon-Alpha and Aspirin

Introduction The management of pregnancy in young women with essential thrombocythemia is complex and may present a difficult problem. An adverse pregnancy outcome due to thrombosis or bleeding is a common complication. In addition, little is known about fertility in these women prior to the disease. Case Outline We present the first case of a young woman with primary infertility and essential thrombocythemia who had uneventfully delivered a healthy boy in the fortieth week of pregnancy. Her platelet count was normalized during treatment with interferon-alfa. The patient failed to become pregnant in the natural way and after three attempts of programmed intercourse. She conceived only following intrauterine insemination. During Pregnancy, the patient was carefully controlled by a hematologist and gynecologist. Conclusion Natural course and prognosis of essential thrombocythemia is not adversely affected by pregnancy. In these women, the pregnancy should be planned only after normalization of platelet count. The interferon-alpha should be administered before the pregnancy to regulate and maintain the platelet count within the normal range. Intrauterine insemination with minimal hormonal stimulation due to the risk of thrombosis could be recommended as the safest treatment option of infertility in women with essential thrombocythemia.