期刊
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
卷 47, 期 -, 页码 307-320出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.006
关键词
Folate; Vitamin B9; Vitamin B12; Vitamin B6; Dementia; Alzheimer's disease; Autism; Geriatric depression; Nutrition; Genetics; Memory; Mood
The B vitamins folic acid, vitamin B12 and B6 are essential for neuronal function, and severe deficiencies have been linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, psychiatric disease and dementia. Polymorphisms of genes involved in B vitamin absorption, metabolism and function, such as methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), cystathionine beta synthase (c beta s), transcobalamin 2 receptor (TCN2) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), have also been linked to increased incidence of psychiatric and cognitive disorders. However, the effects of these polymorphisms are often quite small and many studies failed to show any meaningful or consistent associations. This review discusses previous findings from clinical studies and highlights gaps in knowledge. Future studies assessing B vitamin-associated polymorphisms must take into account not just traditional demographics, but subjects' overall diet, relevant biomarkers of nutritional status and also analyze related genetic factors that may exacerbate behavioral effects or nutritional status. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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