期刊
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
卷 33, 期 8, 页码 1198-1203出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.06.002
关键词
Connectivity; Empathy; Autism spectrum disorders; Network; Von Economo neuron; fMRI
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD059205, R01 HD059205, R01 HD047520-01A1, R01 HD059205-01, HD047520, R01 HD047520] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [K01 MH092288] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R21 NS058899-01A1, NS058899, R21 NS058899] Funding Source: Medline
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R01HD047520, R01HD059205] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [K01MH092288] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R21NS058899] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder of unknown etiology. While the past decade has witnessed a proliferation of neuroimaging studies of autism, theoretical approaches for understanding systems-level brain abnormalities remain poorly developed. We propose a novel anterior insula-based systems-level model for investigating the neural basis of autism, synthesizing recent advances in brain network functional connectivity with converging evidence from neuroimaging studies in autism. The anterior insula is involved in interoceptive, affective and empathic processes, and emerging evidence suggests it is part of a salience network integrating external sensory stimuli with internal states. Network analysis indicates that the anterior insula is uniquely positioned as a hub mediating interactions between large-scale networks involved in externally and internally oriented cognitive processing. A recent meta-analysis identifies the anterior insula as a consistent locus of hypoactivity in autism. We suggest that dysfunctional anterior insula connectivity plays an important role in autism. Critical examination of these abnormalities from a systems neuroscience perspective should be a priority for further research on the neurobiology of autism. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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