EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA PARS RETICULATA IN EYE MOVEMENTS

Experiments that demonstrated a role for the substantia nigra in eye movements have played an important role in our understanding of the function of the basal ganglia in behavior more broadly. In this review we explore more recent experiments that extend the role of the substantia nigra pars reticulata from a simple gate for eye movements to include a role in cognitive processes for eye movements. We review recent evidence suggesting that basal ganglia nuclei beyond the substantia nigra may also play a role in eye movements and the cognitive events leading up to the production of eye movements. We close by pointing out some unresolved questions in our understanding of the relationship of basal ganglia nuclei and eye movements. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Function and Dysfunction of the Basal Ganglia. (C) 2011 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.