期刊
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
卷 48, 期 5, 页码 1237-1247出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.12.024
关键词
Amnestic MCI; Early detection; Episodic memory; Longitudinal outcome; MR morphometry
资金
- National Institutes on Aging [R01 AG012674, AG031224, K01AG029218, K24 AG026431]
- National Center for Research Resources [U24 RR021382]
- Alzheimer's Association [IIRG-07-59343]
- Department of Veterans Affairs [10007 08-0957]
- University of California, San Diego (UCSD)
- Stein Institute for Research on Aging
- Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) [AG024904]
- National Institute on Aging
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
- National Institutes of Health
- Foundation for National Institutes of Health
- Abbott
- AstraZeneca AB
- Bayer Schering Pharma AG
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eisai Global Clinical Development
- Elan Corporation
- Genentech
- GE Healthcare
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Innogenetics
- Johnson Johnson
- Eli Lilly and Co.
- Merck Co., Inc.
- Novartis AG
- Pfizer Inc.
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche
- Schering-Plough
- Synarc Inc.
- Wyeth
- Alzheimer's Association
- Institute for the Study of Aging
- Food and Drug Administration
Understanding the underlying qualitative features of memory deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can provide critical information for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study sought to investigate the utility of both learning and retention measures in (a) the diagnosis of MCI, (b) predicting progression to AD, and (c) examining their underlying brain morphometric correlates. A total of 607 participants were assigned to three MCI groups (high learning-low retention; low learning-high retention; low learning-low retention) and one control group (high learning-high retention) based on scores above or below a 1.5 SD cutoff on learning and retention indices of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Our results demonstrated that MCI individuals with predominantly a learning deficit showed a widespread pattern of gray matter loss at baseline, whereas individuals with a retention deficit showed more focal gray matter loss. Moreover, either learning or retention measures provided good predictive value for longitudinal clinical outcome over two years, although impaired learning had modestly better predictive power than impaired retention. As expected, impairments in both measures provided the best predictive power. Thus, the conventional practice of relying solely on the use of delayed recall or retention measures in studies of amnestic MCI misses an important subset of older adults at risk of developing AD. Overall. our results highlight the importance of including learning measures in addition to retention measures when making a diagnosis of MCI and for predicting clinical outcome. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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