期刊
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
卷 46, 期 1, 页码 213-223出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.07.020
关键词
reward processing; response disinhibition; decision-making; orbitofrontal cortex; Common Difference Effect
资金
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH &HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R01HD046442] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NICHD NIH HHS [R01-HD046442-02] Funding Source: Medline
Frontal lobe dysfunction may underlie excessively impulsive and risky behavior observed in a range of neurological disorders. We devised a gambling task to examine these behavior tendencies in a sample of patients who had sustained focal damage to the frontal lobes or nonfrontal cortical regions as well as in a matched sample of healthy control subjects. The main objectives of the study were: (1) to behaviorally dissociate impulsivity and risk-taking; (2) to examine potential associations between specific frontal lesion sites and impulsivity or risk-taking; (3) to investigate the influence of reinforcement and trial timing on both behaviors. Our results indicated that patients and controls were equally likely to perform impulsively. Risk-taking performance strategies, however, were related to left ventrolateral and orbital lesion sites. Moreover, risk-taking was also associated with blunted response alteration following a nonrewarded trial. Patients and control subjects showed identical responses to reward-timing manipulations consistent with formal decision-making theory. These findings suggest that ventrolateral and orbital lesions are related to the reward-based aspects of decision-making (risk-taking) rather than to simple response disinhibition (impulsivity). Reduced reaction to the negative consequences of one's actions may underlie this behavior pattern. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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