期刊
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
卷 193, 期 1-4, 页码 139-211出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11214-015-0213-4
关键词
Galaxies: evolution; Galaxies: haloes; Galaxies: interactions; Large-scale structure of Universe; Gravitational lensing: weak
资金
- International Space Science Institute Bern
- European Research Council (EC FP7) [280127, 240185]
- STFC Advanced/Halliday fellowship [ST/I005129/1]
- European Research Council under FP7 [279396]
- STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowship [ST/J004421/1]
- Royal Society URF
- NASA ROSES [12-EUCLID12-0004, 13-ATP13-0019]
- Netherlands organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi grant [639.042.814]
- JPL
- European Union Seventh Framework Programme [624151]
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J004421/2, ST/K000977/1, ST/J004421/1, ST/I005129/1, ST/L000768/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/I005129/1, ST/I000879/1, ST/J001511/1, ST/L000768/1, ST/J004421/2, ST/K000977/1, ST/J004421/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Galaxy shapes are not randomly oriented, rather they are statistically aligned in a way that can depend on formation environment, history and galaxy type. Studying the alignment of galaxies can therefore deliver important information about the physics of galaxy formation and evolution as well as the growth of structure in the Universe. In this review paper we summarise key measurements of galaxy alignments, divided by galaxy type, scale and environment. We also cover the statistics and formalism necessary to understand the observations in the literature. With the emergence of weak gravitational lensing as a precision probe of cosmology, galaxy alignments have taken on an added importance because they can mimic cosmic shear, the effect of gravitational lensing by large-scale structure on observed galaxy shapes. This makes galaxy alignments, commonly referred to as intrinsic alignments, an important systematic effect in weak lensing studies. We quantify the impact of intrinsic alignments on cosmic shear surveys and finish by reviewing practical mitigation techniques which attempt to remove contamination by intrinsic alignments.
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