期刊
NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION
卷 16, 期 5, 页码 272-283出版社
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000216185
关键词
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; Glucocorticoids; Synacthen test; Dexamethasone suppression test; CRH test
资金
- Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA HD008732-08] Funding Source: Medline
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [ZIAHD000618, ZIAHD008732] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays an important role in the maintenance of basal and stress-related homeostasis. The hypothalamus controls the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary, which in turn stimulates the secretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids, the final effectors of the HPA axis, regulate a broad spectrum of physiologic functions essential for life and exert their effects through their ubiquitously distributed intracellular receptors. Alterations in the activity of the HPA axis may present with symptoms and signs of glucocorticoid deficiency or excess. Detailed endocrinologic evaluation is of primary importance in determining the diagnosis and/or etiology of the underlying condition. We review the most common endocrinologic investigations used in the evaluation of the HPA axis integrity and function. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel
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