期刊
NEUROIMAGE
卷 64, 期 -, 页码 538-546出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.09.030
关键词
Pain; Emotion regulation; Neuroimaging; Insula cortex; Salience network; Open presence meditation; Meditation expertise
资金
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine [U01-AT002114, P01-AT004952]
- National Institutes of Mental Health [P50-MH069315]
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [P30-HD03352]
- NIH [T32-MH018931]
- University of Toronto Centre for the Study of Pain
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [P30HD003352] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPLEMENTARY &ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE [U01AT002114] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- National Center for Complementary & Integrative Health [P01AT004952] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [T32MH018931, P50MH069315] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Experientially opening oneself to pain rather than avoiding it is said to reduce the mind's tendency toward avoidance or anxiety which can further exacerbate the experience of pain. This is a central feature of mindfulness-based therapies. Little is known about the neural mechanisms of mindfulness on pain. During a meditation practice similar to mindfulness, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used in expert meditators (>10,000 h of practice) to dissociate neural activation patterns associated with pain, its anticipation, and habituation. Compared to novices, expert meditators reported equal pain intensity, but less unpleasantness. This difference was associated with enhanced activity in the dorsal anterior insula (al), and the anterior mid-cingulate (aMCC) the so-called 'salience network', for experts during pain. This enhanced activity during pain was associated with reduced baseline activity before pain in these regions and the amygdala for experts only. The reduced baseline activation in left al correlated with lifetime meditation experience. This pattern of low baseline activity coupled with high response in alns and aMCC was associated with enhanced neural habituation in amygdala and pain-related regions before painful stimulation and in the pain-related regions during painful stimulation. These findings suggest that cultivating experiential openness down-regulates anticipatory representation of aversive events, and increases the recruitment of attentional resources during pain, which is associated with faster neural habituation. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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