期刊
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
卷 94, 期 2, 页码 269-277出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2010.06.005
关键词
Long lasting depolarization; Crayfish effluent; Right pedal dorsal 11 neuron; Juvenile and adult Lymnaea; One-trial training; Operant conditioning
资金
- Tokai University for the promotion of Scientific Research
- CIHR
Memory consolidation following learning is a dynamic process. Thus, long-term memory (LTM) formation can be modulated by many factors, including stress. We examined how predator-induced stress enhances LTM formation in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis at both the behavioral and electrophysiological levels. Training snails in crayfish effluent (CE; i.e., water from an aquarium containing crayfish) significantly enhanced LTM. That is, while memory persists for only 3 h in adult control experiments following a single 0.5-h training session in pond water in which the pneumostome receives a contingent tactile stimulus to the pneumostome: when the snails are trained in CE, the memory persists for at least 24 h. In juveniles, the data are more dramatic. Juveniles are unable to form LTM in pond water, but form LTM when trained in CE. Here we examined whether juvenile snails form LTM following a one-trial training procedure (1TT). Following the ITT procedure (a single-trial aversive operant conditioning training procedure), juveniles do not form LTM, unless trained in CE. Concomitantly, we observe changes in the excitability of RPeD11, a key neuron mediating the whole snail withdrawal response, which may be a neural correlate of enhanced memory formation. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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