Comparison of three solar ponds with different salts through bi-dimensional modeling

We consider three experimental small solar ponds (1m x 1m x 1m) each pond contains one of the following salts, namely NaCl, Na2CO3 and CaCl2 respectively. The thermal behavior of these three ponds is being investigated numerically and experimentally over a period of 28 days. A bi-dimensional heat diffusion equation has been resolved numerically using the finite differences scheme of Crank-Nicholson. The experimental results show a good agreement with those obtained by simulation with an error of less than 1.5%. This study shows that CaCl2 pond responds thermally more quickly than the two other ponds without reaching saturation. This extends further the applications scope with possible higher temperature despite relatively its higher cost which deserves further investigation. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.