期刊
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
卷 16, 期 1, 页码 35-56出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41575-018-0061-2
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资金
- Gilead Sciences International Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease
- Strauss Institute Research Fellowship
- Abisch Frenkel Foundation for the Promotion of Life Sciences
- Gurwin Family Fund for Scientific Research
- Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Crown Endowment Fund for Immunological Research
- estate of J. Gitlitz
- estate of L. Hershkovich
- Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science
- Adelis Foundation
- French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS)
- V. R. Schwartz Research Fellow Chair
- European Research Council, a Marie Curie Integration grant
- German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development
- Israel Science Foundation
- Minerva Foundation
- Rising Tide Foundation
- Helmholtz Foundation
- European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI)
Since the renaissance of microbiome research in the past decade, much insight has accumulated in comprehending forces shaping the architecture and functionality of resident microorganisms in the human gut. Of the multiple host-endogenous and host-exogenous factors involved, diet emerges as a pivotal determinant of gut microbiota community structure and function. By introducing dietary signals into the nexus between the host and its microbiota, nutrition sustains homeostasis or contributes to disease susceptibility. Herein, we summarize major concepts related to the effect of dietary constituents on the gut microbiota, highlighting chief principles in the diet-microbiota crosstalk. We then discuss the health benefits and detrimental consequences that the interactions between dietary and microbial factors elicit in the host. Finally, we present the promises and challenges that arise when seeking to incorporate microbiome data in dietary planning and portray the anticipated revolution that the field of nutrition is facing upon adopting these novel concepts.
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