期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 5, 期 9, 页码 693-696出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS1341
关键词
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资金
- DESY
- European Community [RII3-CT-2004-506008]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- EU
- Slovak Grant Agency for Science [2/7196/27]
- Czech Ministry of Education [LC510, LC528, LA08024]
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [Z10100523, IAA400100701, KAN 300100702]
- US Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098, DE-AC52-07NA27344]
- German Federal Ministry for Education and Research [FSP 301-FLASH]
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland [DESY/68/2007]
- [08-ERI-002]
- [08-LW-004]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/G007462/1, EP/F020449/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Saturable absorption is a phenomenon readily seen in the optical and infrared wavelengths. It has never been observed in core-electron transitions owing to the short lifetime of the excited states involved and the high intensities of the soft X-rays needed. We report saturable absorption of an L-shell transition in aluminium using record intensities over 10(16)W cm(-2) at a photon energy of 92 eV. From a consideration of the relevant timescales, we infer that immediately after the X-rays have passed, the sample is in an exotic state where all of the aluminium atoms have an L-shell hole, and the valence band has approximately a 9 eV temperature, whereas the atoms are still on their crystallographic positions. Subsequently, Auger decay heats the material to the warm dense matter regime, at around 25 eV temperatures. The method is an ideal candidate to study homogeneous warm dense matter, highly relevant to planetary science, astrophysics and inertial confinement fusion.
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