期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 5, 期 6, 页码 431-437出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS1277
关键词
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资金
- EU SCALA
- ESF Fermix Programs, Spanish MEC [2005-03169/04627]
- French programs ANR
- IFRAF
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
Mean-field methods are a very powerful tool for investigating weakly interacting many-body systems in many branches of physics. In particular, they describe with excellent accuracy trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. A generic, but difficult question concerns the relation between the symmetry properties of the true many-body state and its mean-field approximation. Here, we address this question by considering, theoretically, vortex nucleation in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate. A slow sweep of the rotation frequency changes the state of the system from being at rest to the one containing one vortex. Within the mean-field framework, the jump in symmetry occurs through a turbulent phase around a certain critical frequency. The exact many-body ground state at the critical frequency exhibits strong correlations and entanglement. We believe that this constitutes a paradigm example of symmetry breaking in-or change of the order parameter of-quantum many-body systems in the course of adiabatic evolution.
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