期刊
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
卷 6, 期 2, 页码 97-101出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2010.265
关键词
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资金
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- US Department of Energy
- National Science Council [099-2811-M-009-003]
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
Piezoelectric materials exhibit a mechanical response to electrical inputs, as well as an electrical response to mechanical inputs, which makes them useful in sensors and actuators(1). Lead-based piezoelectrics demonstrate a large mechanical response, but they also pose a health risk(2). The ferroelectric BiFeO3 is an attractive alternative because it is lead-free, and because strain can stabilize BiFeO3 phases with a structure that resembles a morphotropic phase boundary(3). Here we report a reversible electric-field-induced strain of over 5% in BiFeO3 films, together with a characterization of the origins of this effect. In situ transmission electron microscopy coupled with nanoscale electrical and mechanical probing shows that large strains result from moving the boundaries between tetragonal- and rhombohedral-like phases, which changes the phase stability of the mixture. These results demonstrate the potential of BiFeO3 as a substitute for lead-based materials in future piezoelectric applications.
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