4.6 Article

Early Blood Lead Levels and Sleep Disturbance in Preadolescence

期刊

SLEEP
卷 38, 期 12, 页码 1869-1874

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.5665/sleep.5230

关键词

blood lead levels; daytime sleepiness; insomnia; lead exposure; sleep

资金

  1. National Institute of Environment Health Sciences (NIH/NIEHS) [R01-ES018858, K02-ES019878, K01-ES015877, P30-ES013508]
  2. University of Pennsylvania Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology
  3. Wacker Foundation
  4. NIH [R01 NR004281]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Study Objectives: Little is known about the effect of lead exposure on children's sleep. This study examined the association between blood lead levels (BLL) and sleep problems in a longitudinal study of children. Setting: Four community-based elementary schools in Jintan City, China. Participants: 1,419 Chinese children. Measurement and Results: BLL were measured when children were aged 3-5 y, and sleep was assessed at ages 9-13 y. Sleep was assessed by both parents' report, using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and children's report, using an adolescent sleep questionnaire. A total of 665 children with complete data on BLL and sleep at both ages were included in the current study. Mean age of the sample at BLL assessment was 4.74 y (standard deviation [SD] = 0.89) and at sleep assessment was 11.05 y (SD = 0.88). Mean BLL was 6.26 mu g/dL (SD = 2.54). There were significant positive correlations between BLL and 3 CSHQ subscales: Sleep onset delay (r = 0.113, P < 0.01), sleep duration (r = 0.139, P < 0.001), and night waking (r = 0.089, P < 0.05). Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (26.1% versus 9.0%, P < 0.001) and use of sleeping pills (6.5% versus 1.8%, P = 0.03) were more prevalent in children BLL >= 10.0 mu g/dL than in those children BLL < 10.0 mu g/dL. After adjusting for demographics, BLL >= 10.0 mu g/dL was significantly associated with increased risk for insomnia symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-3.95) and EDS (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.27-6.61). Conclusion: The findings indicate that elevated blood lead levels in early childhood are associated with increased risk for sleep problems and excessive daytime sleepiness in later childhood.

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