期刊
NATURE
卷 515, 期 7525, 页码 50-57出版社
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/nature13945
关键词
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资金
- Universitat Kassel
- Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen
- James S. McDonnell Foundation [BU1308/5-3, SCHL587/4-3]
- UrbanFood project - Volkswagen Foundation [I/82 189, RTG 1644]
Historically, farmers and hunter-gatherers relied directly on ecosystem services, which they both exploited and enjoyed. Urban populations still rely on ecosystems, but prioritize non-ecosystem services (socioeconomic). Population growth and densification increase the scale and change the nature of both ecosystem-and non-ecosystem-service supply and demand, weakening direct feedbacks between ecosystems and societies and potentially pushing social-ecological systems into traps that can lead to collapse. The interacting and mutually reinforcing processes of technological change, population growth and urbanization contribute to over-exploitation of ecosystems through complex feedbacks that have important implications for sustainable resource use.
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